The oral and ocular mucosa are both affected by the uncommon, persistent, blistering, and scarring condition are known as benign mucosal pemphigoid. The esophagus, genitalia, rectum, larynx, and other mucosal areas could also be impacted. Blindness may result from the affected eye’s impacted mucosa scarring. The development of antigens against cellular basement membrane zone antigens like BP180, BP230, and laminin 5 is a hallmark of this disorder, which is classified as an autoimmune disease even if its precise causes are unknown.

Introduction:

A rare chronic autoimmune blistering disease known as cicatricial pemphigoid, also known as benign mucosal pemphigoid, mucous membrane pemphigoid, or benign mucous membrane pemphigoid, is characterized by erosive skin lesions are those that not less than partially scar the affected areas of the pores and tissue. Lesions in the gums are the most prevalent symptom of the autoimmune reaction, which can also affect other mucous membranes in the body, including the sinuses, genitals, and anus.

Blindness may occur as a result of repeated scarring to the cornea of the eye. Management is based on how serious the condition is. Avoiding foods that are too hard, sharp, or abrasive and being careful when eating are two easy precautions that can be taken. Additionally, experts typically advise practicing good oral hygiene and getting professional procedures like periodontal scaling.

Oral and ocular mucosa are both affected by the uncommon, persistent, blistering, and scarring condition are known as mucous membrane pemphigoid. The esophagus, genitalia, rectum, larynx, and other mucosal areas could also be impacted. The prognosis is unpredictable, and the ailment typically manifests in late adulthood (around the 50s or 60s). It affects more women than men.

The most feared risk is scarring of the eye’s damaged mucosa, which might result in blindness. Many doctors, especially seasoned dermatologists, find the diagnosis to be difficult due to the variety of clinical symptoms it can present with. MMP is a potentially fatal condition that can cause scarring if it is not treated promptly and effectively.

Causes:

An autoimmune blistering condition known as benign mucosal pemphigoid occurs when the body’s immune system begins to attack its own tissue. In this instance, autoantibodies interact with skin tissue and mucous membrane proteins to cause blistering blisters. The anchoring filaments that help the epidermis (outer layer of skin) adhere to the dermis (inner layer of skin) are thought to contain the binding site.

The majority of those who suffer from this common autoimmune blistering skin condition are elderly people. Age has a significant impact on BP risk, but genetic factors also play a significant role in the development of this condition.

Symptoms:

The oral mucosa in the mouth is the area of the body where the autoimmune reaction most frequently occurs, leading to desquamative gingivitis, or gum sores. Areas of the mucous membrane in other parts of the body, such as the sinuses, genitals, anus, and cornea, can also be impacted in more severe cases. Blindness may occur as a result of repeated scarring to the cornea of the eye.

A rare form of mucous membrane pemphigoid known as Brunsting-Perry cicatricial pemphigoid affects the scalp and neck without contacting the mucous membranes. Some authors have suggested calling this a subtype of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.

Bullas is raised when Nikolsky’s sign (soft lateral pressure) is applied to undamaged mucosa or skin. It might be a helpful approach to show diminished epithelial adhesion if no lesions are visible upon examination. Instead of forming a bulla, the epithelium in the pemphigus tends to dissolve.

Bullous pemphigoid does not exhibit Nikolsky’s sign, although pemphigus and mucous membrane pemphigoid do. Both radiation therapy, which is used to treat cancer, and ultraviolet light therapy, which is used to treat some skin conditions, can cause bullous pemphigoid. Psoriasis, lichen planus, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis are among the illnesses that can lead to bullous pemphigoid.

Homeopathic Treatment:

The goal of homeopathy is to treat the underlying cause and consequences of auto-immune activation. The effects of homeopathy might not be as immediate and harsh as those of cortisone, most likely. Homeopathy is strongly advised as a support measure in the majority of pemphigus cases, nevertheless, as it not only improves illness management but also lessens cortisone dependence. Benign mucosal pemphigoid is strongly advised to be treated with homeopathy. Homeopathic remedies usually work well for this condition. Homeopathic medications include, among others:

Caltha palustris

• Appropriate medication
• On the skin, there is intense itching.
• Cutaneous pustules
• Suitable for uterine cancer as well

Vesicatoria Cantharis

• Suitable medication for secondary eczema
• Additionally, medicine aids in cases of sunburn.

Ranunculus

• Treatment for pemphigus
• Well-recommended medication for vesicular eruptions that frequently produce big blisters.
• The bottoms of the feet burn at night.

Toxicodendron rus

• This medication is also prescribed for cellulitis and vesicles.
• Skin is red, bloated, and itches terribly.

Precautions:

Eating mushy, tasteless food. Avoid crunchy foods like chips, chunky peanut butter, nuts, raw carrots, crisp veggies, and fruit. Additionally, foods that are scalding hot, spicy, and acidic like tomatoes and citrus fruits might result in fresh mouth sores. having pain-free beverages to drink. Hot beverages like tea, coffee, and orange juice can irritate your mouth and lead to new sores. having a clean mouth. Poor oral care might make mouth sores worse. A toothbrush, toothpaste, and mouthwash that is least likely to hurt can be suggested by your dermatologist.