Vasculitis of the tiny and medium-sized blood vessels is the hallmark of the idiopathic multisystem Kawasaki disease that affects young children. Adults only occasionally contract Kawasaki illness, which is less prevalent. Acute phase symptoms include a fever lasting longer than five days, erythema, cracks in the lips, crusting around the mouth and lips, or a strawberry tongue. Aneurysms can still form in a patient who only meets four out of the five diagnostic requirements at presentation. In children younger than 1 year of age, atypical Kawasaki illness is more prevalent.

 

Introduction:

 

The blood vessel inflammation known as Kawasaki illness primarily affects the coronary arteries, which carry blood to the heart. The skin, lymph nodes, and mucous membranes within your mouth, throat, and nose are also impacted. The majority of those who contract this non-contagious illness are youngsters. Nobody can catch it from another person. The causes of Kawasaki are yet unknown, though. Children can get this disease, which in some situations can potentially harm the heart and coronary arteries. The walls of the coronary artery typically become weaker as a result, bulge out, and develop an aneurysm. Blood clots can occasionally form in weak spots, obstructing the coronary arteries in the process, which can result in arrhythmias or faulty heart valve function. Although Kawasaki disease can sometimes result in permanent heart problems, in most cases, these problems go away after five to six weeks without causing any harm.

 

Causes:

 

Viruses and bacteria have been linked to infectious etiology, but no clear causal agents have been identified. It is thought that a variety of causes, such as a viral or bacterial superantigen, might activate the immune system and cause it to respond in a self-directed manner. It is recognized that specific genes increase a child’s vulnerability to Kawasaki disease. The condition has a genetic predisposition. Compared to the general population, siblings of affected children have a higher risk of acquiring Kawasaki illness.

 

Symptoms:

 

Kawasaki disease’s earliest signs include a high fever that lasts longer than five days, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, genital rashes, swollen feet and palms, red eyes, and tongue, and cracked lips. The disease’s subsequent stage manifests symptoms like joint discomfort, nausea, abdominal ache, diarrhea, and peeling of the skin on your fingers and toes. If complications do not arise, the symptoms and signs gradually disappear in the third stage.

• Conjunctivitis on both sides
• Oropharyngeal swelling
• Cracked, parched lips
• Tongue of strawberry
• Handles or feet that are erythematous, edematous, and have desquamation or not
• Maculopapular erythematous rash
• Lymphadenopathy of the neck
• Vomiting and stomach pain brought on by a biliary obstruction

 

Diagnosis:

 

There is no particular test that may be used to identify Kawasaki disease. To aid in the diagnosis, the doctor will perform an examination of the body and prescribe blood and urine tests. Tests could consist of:

• Examining the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) for an increase
• Checking the CBC for leukocytosis
• Levels of serum immunoglobulin to check for high IgE levels
• Chemists will check for increased bilirubin levels.
• Cultures of the blood and throat are used to find the causing agents.
• an ECG to check for arrhythmias
• chest radiograph to search for infiltrates and cardiomegaly
• To check for cardiomyopathy and valvular abnormalities during an echocardiogram.

 

Homeopathic Treatment:

 

Homeopathy seeks to treat the underlying cause and individual vulnerability of Kawasaki illness as well as its symptoms. To treat the symptoms of Kawasaki illness, there are a number of therapeutic medications that can be chosen based on the origin, symptoms, and modalities of the complaints. The following drugs can help with the signs and symptoms of Kawasaki disease. Numerous medications are available, including Hamamalis, Arnica Montana,  Calcaria Carb, Arsenic Album, Baryta Carb, Pulsatilla, Sulphur, Aconite, Antim Tart, Apis Mel, Chamomilla, China, Cuprum Met, Kali Carb, Lachesis, Kreosote, Lycopodium, Silicea, Thuja, Zincum Met, Vipera, and Spigelia.

• Belladona

When the mouth feels dry, Belladona is the recommended cure. margins of the tongue are crimson. a tongue that resembles a strawberry. Bruised and sore tongue. Stammering. is a high feverish condition without much toxemia. heat, steaming, odor, and burning. the coldest feet. Blood vessels on the surface are enlarged. Only the head’s sweat dries. Fever has no thirst. Dry and hot; swollen; delicate; smooth, red burns. Gums large, painful, and red. neck gland enlargement. Worse when touched, jarred, noisy, draughty, afternoon, or while lying down. Superior by semi-erect.

• China

Paroxysms are expected and the fever comes and goes every week. Each step is clearly noted. Usually in the morning, a chill starts in the breast; minor and frequent thirst comes before the chill. terrible night sweats. Every little effort results in free perspiration, especially on individual parts. watery coryza, headache pain, and hay fever. Right hypochondrium is hurting. Colic from gallstones. Swollen and enlarged spleen and liver. Jaundice. worsened by the smallest touch, Every other day there is a draught, and crucial fluids are lost at night, right after eating and bending over. Better by double bending, intense pressure, open air, and heat.

• Aconite

It is a natural medicine that is very beneficial when the fever is accompanied by severe anxiety and restlessness. The patient experiences terrible body aches and a heightened craving for a cold drink. When the fever has increased following a brief exposure to cold winds, the medication Aconite should always be taken into consideration. Tip tingles and tongue is swollen. a child’s diarrhea is watery. They frequently cry, gripe, and are restless and unable to sleep. Better outside; worse indoors, in the evening and at night; worse laying on the affected side, near music and dry, brisk winds.

• Sulfur

Recurrent hot flushes. violent heat explosions throughout the body. thirsty and with dry skin. On the nape and occiput, night sweats. Sweating in discrete areas. sweats that smell awful. Recurrent kind. Conjunctivitis with an eye discharge that is yellow and burning. Eyelids and eyes are red. eyes are burning. sores that burn around the borders of the eyelids. Lips are chapped.

• Phosphorus

Every evening, the fever is chilly. evenings with cold knees. apathetic with artificial hunger but no thirst. viscid nocturnal sweats, tiny, rapid pulse, and hysterical. excessive sweating. strong weakness following stools. Long, curled lashes, and conjunctiva that is pearl white. treating a sore mouth. craving ice-cold water. Tongue dry, smooth, and red. Worse by touch, physical or mental strain, dusk, heated food or drink, a change in the temperature (such as becoming wet in hot weather), evening, lying on the painful side, during a thunderstorm, and climbing stairs. Better sleeping, eating cold meals, drinking cold water, and laying on your right side in the dark.

 

Precautions:

 

• For three days following discharge, take your patient’s temperature every day.
• aspirin as directed. After returning home, your patient must continue taking aspirin for at least six weeks. Aspirin shouldn’t often be given to patients, but in this instance, it is necessary and beneficial. Giving aspirin with meals or a glass of milk can help prevent aspirin side effects including a stomach ache or burning sensation.
• Don’t administer any additional medications to your patient without first consulting a physician.
• Ensure that your patient drinks enough water each day at least 3 glasses.
• Apply Vaseline to dry lips, and unscented lotions or creams to dry skin.